.vc-casefiles{--paper:#fff;--paper-2:var(--vc-paper-2,#eaf1f5);--card:var(--vc-paper,#f5f7f8);--ink:var(--vc-ink,#11233f);--ink-2:#000;--ink-3:#5f7284;--rule:var(--vc-line,#cedae5);--rule-2:#aabfcd;--signal:var(--vc-navy,#174d8c);--file:var(--vc-mint,#2f7d73);--cf-max:1440px;--cf-row-x:0px;--cf-id-col:76px;--cf-serif:var(--vc-latin), var(--font-noto-serif-tc), "Noto Serif TC", serif;--cf-sans:var(--vc-latin), var(--font-noto-sans-tc), "Noto Sans TC", "PingFang TC", sans-serif;--cf-mono:"IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, monospace;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--cf-sans);scroll-behavior:smooth;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;min-height:100%;font-size:18px;line-height:1.8}.vc-casefiles *{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}.vc-casefiles .wrap{max-width:var(--cf-max);margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px}.vc-casefiles a{color:inherit}.vc-casefiles h1,.vc-casefiles h3,.vc-casefiles .ui{font-family:var(--cf-sans)}.vc-casefiles h1,.vc-casefiles h2{font-family:var(--vc-latin), var(--font-noto-serif-tc), "Noto Serif TC", serif}.vc-casefiles h1,.vc-casefiles h2,.vc-casefiles h3{letter-spacing:-.015em;font-weight:700;line-height:1.12}.vc-casefiles h2{font-family:var(--vc-latin), var(--font-noto-serif-tc), "Noto Serif TC", serif!important;font-size:var(--vc-type-h2)!important}.vc-casefiles .mono{font-family:var(--cf-mono)}.vc-casefiles :focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--file);outline-offset:3px}.vc-casefiles .hero .wrap{z-index:1;min-height:var(--vc-hero-min,620px);padding:clamp(76px, 10vw, 142px) var(--vc-site-gutter);grid-template-rows:auto auto;grid-template-columns:1fr 260px;align-content:end;align-items:end;gap:0 clamp(48px,10vw,170px);display:grid;position:relative}.vc-casefiles .hero{isolation:isolate;background:var(--paper-2);position:relative;overflow:hidden}.vc-casefiles .case-hero-city{transform-origin:50%;pointer-events:none;z-index:0;width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;inset:0;transform:translate(55px,-50px)scale(1.872)}.vc-casefiles .hero h1{text-wrap:balance;font-family:var(--vc-latin), var(--font-noto-serif-tc), "Noto Serif TC", serif;font-size:var(--vc-h1-size);font-weight:600;line-height:var(--vc-h1-lh);letter-spacing:var(--vc-h1-ls);white-space:normal;grid-area:1/1;max-width:780px;margin:0}.vc-casefiles .hero h1 span{color:var(--vc-sky);font-weight:700}.vc-casefiles:lang(zh-Hant) .hero h1{max-width:780px}.vc-casefiles .hero .lede{color:#252d35;max-width:550px;font-family:var(--vc-latin), var(--font-noto-sans-tc), "PingFang TC", "Microsoft JhengHei", sans-serif;grid-area:2/1;margin:14px 0 36px;font-size:clamp(17px,1.55vw,21px);line-height:1.85}.vc-casefiles .hero-copy{display:contents}.vc-casefiles .tally{color:#fff;background:linear-gradient(145deg, var(--vc-navy,#174d8c), var(--vc-navy-deep,#0c376b));border:0;grid-area:1/2;align-self:stretch;padding:28px 30px;position:relative}.vc-casefiles .tally:before{content:"";pointer-events:none;border:1px solid #ffffff40;position:absolute;inset:12px}.vc-casefiles .tally .n{font-family:var(--cf-sans);z-index:1;letter-spacing:-.03em;font-size:3.2rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1;position:relative}.vc-casefiles .tally .lbl{font-family:var(--cf-mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.12em;z-index:1;color:#9fdbf0;margin-top:10px;font-size:.7rem;position:relative}.vc-casefiles .tally .meta{z-index:1;font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:#ffffffe6;border-top:1px solid #ffffff59;margin-top:28px;padding-top:14px;font-size:.72rem;line-height:1.5;position:relative}.vc-casefiles .register{padding:clamp(45px,5.5vw,80px) 0 clamp(74px,10vw,150px)}.vc-casefiles .register .wrap{padding-right:var(--vc-site-gutter);padding-left:var(--vc-site-gutter)}.vc-casefiles .code-badge,.vc-casefiles .rid{white-space:nowrap}.vc-casefiles .code-badge{text-align:center;font-family:var(--cf-mono);letter-spacing:.1em;color:#fff;border:1.5px solid var(--signal);background:var(--signal);flex:none;align-self:center;padding:3px 8px;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:600;box-shadow:inset 0 1px 2px #0000004d,inset 0 -1px #ffffff1f}.vc-casefiles .classhead{grid-template-columns:var(--cf-id-col) auto minmax(0, 1fr) auto;padding:30px var(--cf-row-x) 22px;border-top:4px solid var(--signal);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);align-items:baseline;gap:22px;margin-top:58px;display:grid}.vc-casefiles .classhead:first-child{border-top:0;margin-top:0;padding-top:0}.vc-casefiles .classhead h2{grid-column:2;font-size:var(--vc-type-h2)!important}.vc-casefiles .classhead .code-badge{grid-column:1}.vc-casefiles .classhead .cdesc{color:var(--ink-2);grid-column:3;font-size:18px}.vc-casefiles .classhead .ccount{font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:var(--ink-3);grid-area:1/4;align-self:baseline;font-size:.75rem}.vc-casefiles .row{grid-template-columns:var(--cf-id-col) 1fr 200px;padding:26px var(--cf-row-x);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);align-items:start;gap:22px;text-decoration:none;display:grid}.vc-casefiles .row.last-in-class{border-bottom:0}.vc-casefiles .row:hover .rt,.vc-casefiles .row:focus-visible .rt{color:var(--signal)}.vc-casefiles .rid{text-align:center;font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:#fff;background:var(--signal);border:1px solid var(--signal);justify-self:stretch;padding:3px 7px;font-size:.8rem;font-weight:500;display:block}.vc-casefiles .rt{font-family:var(--cf-sans);font-weight:600;font-family:var(--vc-latin), var(--font-noto-serif-tc), serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;font-size:24px;line-height:1.3;transition:color .2s;display:block}.vc-casefiles .rs{color:var(--ink-2);max-width:62ch;margin-top:7px;font-size:18px;line-height:1.5;display:block}.vc-casefiles .rloss{font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:var(--signal);text-align:right;padding-top:3px;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.45}.vc-casefiles .rloss .cap{letter-spacing:.12em;color:var(--ink-3);text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:3px;font-size:.63rem;display:block}.vc-casefiles .method{color:#fff;background:var(--vc-slate,#174d8c);margin-top:0}.vc-casefiles .method .wrap{padding:clamp(74px,9vw,130px) 28px}.vc-casefiles .method h2{color:#fff;margin-bottom:0;font-size:var(--vc-type-h2)!important}.vc-casefiles .method p{color:#fff;font-size:18px}.vc-casefiles .method p+p{margin-top:12px}.vc-casefiles .method .rules{gap:12px;list-style:none;display:grid}.vc-casefiles .method .rules li{color:#fff;border-top:1px solid #ffffff40;grid-template-columns:52px 1fr;gap:16px;padding:18px 0;font-size:18px}.vc-casefiles .method .rules b{color:#fff;font-weight:600}.vc-casefiles .method .rules .m{font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:#9fdbf0;font-size:18px}.vc-casefiles .service{background:var(--paper-2);border-top:0}.vc-casefiles .service .wrap{padding:clamp(78px,10vw,145px) 28px}.vc-casefiles .service h2{max-width:800px;font-size:var(--vc-type-h2)!important}.vc-casefiles .service p{color:var(--ink);max-width:56ch;margin-top:12px}.vc-casefiles .btn{cursor:pointer;font-family:var(--cf-sans);color:#fff;background:var(--vc-sky,#2c99d1);border:0;border-radius:2px;margin-top:22px;padding:16px 28px;font-size:26px;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}.vc-casefiles .btn:hover{background:var(--file);border-color:var(--file)}.vc-casefiles footer{border-top:1.5px solid var(--ink)}.vc-casefiles footer .wrap{font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:var(--ink-3);flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;gap:14px;padding:22px 28px;font-size:.72rem;display:flex}.vc-casefiles .case-head{border-bottom:1.5px solid var(--ink)}.vc-casefiles .case-head .wrap{padding:40px var(--vc-site-gutter) 30px;max-width:var(--cf-max)}.vc-casefiles .crumb{font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:var(--ink-3);font-size:.75rem;text-decoration:none}.vc-casefiles .crumb:hover{color:var(--ink)}.vc-casefiles .case-meta{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:10px;margin-top:0;display:flex}.vc-casefiles .case-meta .case-back{color:var(--ink-2);margin-left:auto}.vc-casefiles .case-id{font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:var(--ink-3);font-size:.78rem}.vc-casefiles .case-head h1{max-width:none;margin-top:16px;font-size:clamp(1.8rem,3.6vw,2.6rem)}.vc-casefiles .case-loss{border:1.5px solid var(--signal);font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:var(--signal);margin-top:22px;padding:8px 12px;font-size:.8rem;font-weight:500;display:inline-block}.vc-casefiles .case-loss .cap{letter-spacing:.12em;color:var(--ink-3);text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:2px;font-size:.63rem;display:block}.vc-casefiles .case-loss-block{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px;max-width:100%;margin-top:22px;display:grid}.vc-casefiles .case-loss-block.case-summary-grid{background:0 0}.vc-casefiles .case-summary-grid>.part,.vc-casefiles .case-summary-grid>.determ{border:1.5px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--signal) 28%, white);background:#ffffffc2;min-width:0;margin:0;padding:16px}.vc-casefiles .case-loss-block .cap{font-family:var(--cf-mono);letter-spacing:.12em;color:var(--ink-3);text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;display:block}.vc-casefiles .case-loss-block .exposed-val{font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:#000;margin:0;padding-left:1.25rem;font-size:18px;line-height:1.55;list-style:outside}.vc-casefiles .case-loss-block .exposed-val li::marker{color:#000}.vc-casefiles .case-loss-block .exposed-val li+li{margin-top:4px}.vc-casefiles .case-loss-block .loss-val{color:#000;font-size:18px;line-height:1.5}.vc-casefiles .case-summary-grid>.determ{max-width:none}.vc-casefiles .case-summary-grid>.determ .k{font-size:18px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5}.vc-casefiles .case-summary-grid>.determ p{color:#000;margin-top:10px;font-size:18px}@media (max-width:820px){.vc-casefiles .case-loss-block{grid-template-columns:1fr}}.vc-casefiles .determ{border:2px solid var(--signal);background:var(--card);margin-top:26px;padding:18px 20px 20px}.vc-casefiles .determ .k{font-family:var(--cf-mono);letter-spacing:.18em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--signal);font-size:.66rem;font-weight:600}.vc-casefiles .determ p{max-width:60ch;font-size:1.12rem;line-height:1.5;font-family:var(--cf-serif);margin-top:10px}.vc-casefiles article{max-width:var(--cf-max);padding:0 var(--vc-site-gutter);margin:0 auto}.vc-casefiles .sec{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:36px 0}.vc-casefiles .sec:last-of-type{border-bottom:0}.vc-casefiles .sec h2{max-width:26ch;margin-top:0;font-size:1.42rem}.vc-casefiles .sec p{max-width:66ch;margin-top:14px}.vc-casefiles .sec p+p{margin-top:12px}.vc-casefiles .sec strong,.vc-casefiles .sec b{font-weight:600}.vc-casefiles .sec ul{gap:12px;max-width:66ch;margin-top:16px;list-style:none;display:grid}.vc-casefiles .sec ul li{padding-left:26px;line-height:1.6;position:relative}.vc-casefiles .sec ul li:before{content:"";border:1.5px solid var(--file);width:7px;height:7px;position:absolute;top:.62em;left:0}.vc-casefiles .vc-prose>:first-child{margin-top:0}.vc-casefiles .vc-prose p{max-width:66ch;margin-top:14px}.vc-casefiles .vc-prose strong,.vc-casefiles .vc-prose b{font-weight:600}.vc-casefiles .vc-prose em{font-style:italic}.vc-casefiles .vc-prose ul{gap:12px;max-width:66ch;margin-top:16px;list-style:none;display:grid}.vc-casefiles .vc-prose ul li{padding-left:26px;line-height:1.6;position:relative}.vc-casefiles .vc-prose ul li:before{content:"";border:1.5px solid var(--file);width:7px;height:7px;position:absolute;top:.62em;left:0}.vc-casefiles .vc-prose a{color:var(--file);text-underline-offset:2px}.vc-casefiles .vc-prose blockquote{border-left:3px solid var(--file);max-width:60ch;margin-top:18px;padding:4px 0 4px 18px;font-size:1.08rem}.vc-casefiles .check ul li:before{border-color:var(--signal)}.vc-casefiles .askai{margin-top:20px}.vc-casefiles .askai-head{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:12px;display:flex}.vc-casefiles .askai h3{font-size:.95rem;font-weight:600}.vc-casefiles .askai-copy{font-family:var(--cf-mono);letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--file);border:1.5px solid var(--file);cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border-radius:2px;flex:none;padding:5px 12px;font-size:.68rem;transition:background .12s,color .12s}.vc-casefiles .askai-copy:hover{background:var(--file);color:var(--card)}.vc-casefiles .askai-prompt{border:1px solid var(--rule-2);background:var(--paper);border-radius:0;max-width:66ch;margin-top:12px;padding:14px 16px}.vc-casefiles .askai-prompt .preamble{color:var(--ink-2);margin:0;font-size:.92rem;line-height:1.5}.vc-casefiles .askai-prompt ol{gap:10px;margin:12px 0 0;padding:0;font-size:.94rem;line-height:1.55;list-style:none;display:grid}.vc-casefiles .sec ul.factors{counter-reset:f;gap:16px;margin-top:18px}.vc-casefiles .sec ul.factors li{counter-increment:f;padding-left:44px}.vc-casefiles .sec ul.factors li:before{content:"C" counter(f);width:auto;height:auto;font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:#fff;border:1.5px solid var(--signal);background:var(--signal);padding:2px 5px;font-size:.7rem;font-weight:600;position:absolute;top:.12em;left:0}.vc-casefiles .factors b{display:block}.vc-casefiles .factors .gloss{color:var(--ink-2);margin-top:6px;display:block}.vc-casefiles .factors .tech{font-family:var(--cf-mono);letter-spacing:.02em;color:var(--ink-3);margin-top:6px;font-size:.72rem;display:block}.vc-casefiles .crossrefs{font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:var(--ink-3);margin-top:18px;font-size:.76rem}.vc-casefiles .crossrefs a{color:var(--file);text-decoration:none}.vc-casefiles .crossrefs a:hover{text-underline-offset:3px;text-decoration:underline}.vc-casefiles .chrono{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin-top:18px}.vc-casefiles .chrono .e{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:112px 1fr;align-items:baseline;gap:18px;padding:12px 0;display:grid}.vc-casefiles .chrono .t{font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:var(--file);letter-spacing:.04em;font-size:.76rem;font-weight:500}.vc-casefiles .chrono .d{color:var(--ink);font-size:.98rem}.vc-casefiles .chrono .e.crit .t{color:var(--signal)}.vc-casefiles .source{font-family:var(--cf-mono);color:var(--ink-3);margin-top:16px;font-size:.76rem}.vc-casefiles .source a{color:var(--file);word-break:break-all}.vc-casefiles .source .sep{color:var(--rule-2);padding:0 6px}.vc-casefiles .related h2{margin-bottom:6px;font-size:1.1rem}.vc-casefiles .case-head{background:var(--paper-2);border-bottom:0}.vc-casefiles .case-head .wrap{max-width:1440px;padding-top:clamp(68px,8vw,112px);padding-bottom:clamp(58px,7vw,96px)}.vc-casefiles .crumb,.vc-casefiles .case-id,.vc-casefiles .source,.vc-casefiles .crossrefs,.vc-casefiles .chrono .t,.vc-casefiles .factors .tech{font-family:var(--cf-sans)}.vc-casefiles .case-meta{margin-top:28px}.vc-casefiles .code-badge{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #ffffff47}.vc-casefiles .case-head h1{max-width:none;font-family:var(--cf-serif);letter-spacing:-.045em;margin-top:22px;font-size:clamp(42px,5vw,68px);font-weight:600;line-height:1.18}.vc-casefiles .case-loss,.vc-casefiles .case-loss-block{border-color:var(--signal);font-family:var(--cf-sans);background:#ffffffad;font-size:15px}.vc-casefiles .determ{background:#ffffffc2;border:0;max-width:none;margin-top:30px;padding:22px 26px 24px}.vc-casefiles .determ .k{font-family:var(--cf-sans);letter-spacing:.12em;font-size:13px}.vc-casefiles .determ p{max-width:none;font-family:var(--cf-sans);font-size:20px;line-height:1.75}.vc-casefiles .determ p+p{margin-top:18px}.vc-casefiles article{max-width:var(--vc-site-max)}.vc-casefiles .sec{border-bottom-color:var(--rule);padding:clamp(64px,8vw,108px) 0}.vc-casefiles .section-title{align-items:baseline;gap:18px;margin-bottom:28px;display:flex}.vc-casefiles .sec .section-title h2,.vc-casefiles .related .section-title h2{max-width:none;color:var(--ink);letter-spacing:-.045em;margin:0;font-weight:600;line-height:1.2;font-family:var(--cf-serif)!important;font-size:var(--vc-type-h2)!important}.vc-casefiles .sec p,.vc-casefiles .vc-prose p{max-width:none;font-family:var(--cf-sans);font-size:18px;line-height:1.9}.vc-casefiles .sec ul,.vc-casefiles .vc-prose ul{gap:15px;max-width:none}.vc-casefiles .sec ul li,.vc-casefiles .vc-prose ul li{line-height:1.8}.vc-casefiles .chrono{border-top-color:var(--rule-2);max-width:none;margin-top:30px}.vc-casefiles .chrono .e{grid-template-columns:132px 1fr;gap:24px;padding:16px 0}.vc-casefiles .chrono .t{color:var(--vc-sky);font-size:13px;font-weight:800}.vc-casefiles .chrono .d{font-family:var(--cf-sans);font-size:17px;line-height:1.75}.vc-casefiles .source{max-width:none;font-size:13px;line-height:1.65}.vc-casefiles .check{background:var(--paper-2);border:0;margin-top:0;padding:clamp(34px,4vw,52px)}.vc-casefiles .check .section-title{margin-bottom:26px}.vc-casefiles .check h3{color:var(--ink);margin:36px 0 16px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3;font-family:var(--cf-serif)!important;font-size:var(--vc-type-h3)!important}.vc-casefiles .askai{border-top:1px solid var(--rule-2);margin-top:42px;padding-top:34px}.vc-casefiles .askai h3{margin:0}.vc-casefiles .askai-copy{border-color:var(--signal);color:var(--signal);font-family:var(--cf-sans)}.vc-casefiles .askai-prompt{background:#fff;border:0;border-radius:0;max-width:72ch;padding:22px 24px}.vc-casefiles .askai-prompt .preamble,.vc-casefiles .askai-prompt ol{font-family:var(--cf-sans);font-size:17px;line-height:1.8}.vc-casefiles .related{padding:clamp(64px,8vw,108px) 0}.vc-casefiles .related .section-title{margin-bottom:28px}@media (max-width:860px){.vc-casefiles .hero .wrap{grid-template-columns:1fr;align-items:start;gap:28px}.vc-casefiles .hero-copy{display:block}.vc-casefiles .hero h1,.vc-casefiles .hero .lede,.vc-casefiles .tally{grid-area:auto}.vc-casefiles .tally{align-self:start;max-width:280px;min-height:286px}.vc-casefiles .method .wrap{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:30px}.vc-casefiles{--cf-id-col:70px}.vc-casefiles .row{grid-template-columns:var(--cf-id-col) 1fr;gap:14px}.vc-casefiles .classhead{grid-template-columns:var(--cf-id-col) minmax(0, 1fr) auto;gap:8px 14px}.vc-casefiles .classhead .cdesc{grid-column:2}.vc-casefiles .classhead .ccount{grid-area:1/3}.vc-casefiles .rloss{text-align:left;grid-column:2;padding-top:8px}.vc-casefiles .chrono .e{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:4px}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.vc-casefiles{scroll-behavior:auto}}